Tetra meaning6/13/2023 ![]() Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board. Countermeasures to protect bridge piers from scour. "Breakwaters for the Protection of Romanian Beaches". ^ Pierre Danel and Paul Anglès d'Auriac (1963) Improvements in or relating to artificial blocks for building structures exposed to the action of moving water."Effects of vertical wall and tetrapod weights on wave overtopping in rubble mound breakwaters under irregular wave conditions" (PDF). ^ "What are Tetrapods? (Tetrapods Resist Wave Impact and Prevent Beach Erosion)".Accropode – Concrete breakwater element. ![]() Riprap – Rock or concrete protective armour.Ocean surface wave – Surface waves generated by wind on open water Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets.Coastal erosion – Displacement of land along the coastline.Coastal management – Preventing flooding and erosion of shorelines.Breakwater (structure) – Structure constructed on coasts as part of coastal management or to protect an anchorage.Artificial reef – Human-made underwater structure that functions as a reef.The tetrapod inspired many similar concrete structures for use in breakwaters, including the Modified Cube (United States, 1959), the Stabit ( United Kingdom, 1961), the Akmon ( The Netherlands, 1962), the Dolos ( South Africa, 1963), the Stabilopod ( Romania, 1969), the Seabee ( Australia, 1978), the Accropode (France, 1981), the Hollow Cube ( Germany, 1991), the A-jack (United States, 1998), the Xbloc (The Netherlands, 2001) and KOLOS ( India, 2010) among others. Their proliferation on the island of Okinawa, a popular vacation destination in Japan, has made it difficult for tourists to find unaltered beaches and shoreline, especially in the southern half of the island. Tetrapods have become popular across the world, particularly in Japan it is estimated that nearly 50 percent of Japan's 35,000 kilometers (22,000 mi) coastline has been covered or somehow altered by tetrapods and other forms of concrete. Tetrapods were first used at the thermal power station in Roches Noires in Casablanca, Morocco, to protect the sea water intake. The name was derived from Greek, with tetra- meaning four and - pode meaning foot, a reference to the tetrahedral shape. Tetrapods were originally developed in 1950 by Pierre Danel and Paul Anglès d'Auriac of Laboratoire Dauphinois d'Hydraulique (now Artelia) in Grenoble, France, who received a patent for the design. Tetrapods are made of concrete, and use a tetrahedral shape to dissipate the force of incoming waves by allowing water to flow around rather than against them, and to reduce displacement by interlocking. Tetrapods protecting a marina on Crete, Greece.Ī tetrapod is a form of wave-dissipating concrete block used to prevent erosion caused by weather and longshore drift, primarily to enforce coastal structures such as seawalls and breakwaters. ![]()
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